Human-computer Interaction (HCI) Approach to Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) in Architectural Design

Abstract

The field of artificial intelligence (AI) in architectural
design (AIEd) has experienced significant growth, and
there is great potential for the application of Generative
AI (GAI) in architectural design education. However,
addressing challenges associated with AI is important.
These include overhyped speculation, hidden
inherent drawbacks such as fairness and ethics,
and a trend of lacking human interaction when AI is
involved. To tackle these issues, this paper introduces
a triangulated research framework encompassing
three key perspectives: vision, technology, and user
acceptance. This framework aligns with Human-
computer Interaction (HCI) principles, AI technology
development, and past experiences in AIEd. By
adopting this multi-perspective analysis approach,
the paper aims to comprehensively understand the
phenomena surrounding AI in architectural design.
Furthermore, the research presented in this paper goes
beyond theoretical discussions and illustrates how the
research findings are applied in practice. It showcases
the design of an ongoing architectural design course
that incorporates the insights gained from the research.
Three key observations from the ongoing designed
modules indicate the need to shift the focus towards
integrating multi-modal AIs and existing parametric
tools. Secondly, it is essential to emphasise AIs as
design partners rather than making assumptions about
AIs’ specific uses at different stages. Lastly, providing
user-friendly tools and theoretical foundations motivates
students to explore beyond the design process,
expanding their research and design boundaries.